Archive for February, 2009

Computer hardware

(hardware) are all part of the physical computer, and are distinguished by the data in it or who operate in it, and are distinguished by the software (software) that provides instructions for the hardware to complete the task.

Boundary between hardware and software will be a little blurry when we speak about firmware, because this firmware is software that is “made” into the hardware. This firmware is a region of the field of computer science and computer engineering, which is rarely known by the general user.

Computers in general is a personal computer (PC) in the form of a desktop or tower box consisting of the following sections:

* Board system / main board which houses the CPU, memory and other parts, and has a slot for additional cards.
o RAM – where short-term data storage, so the computer does not need to always access the hard disk to find data.The number of larger RAM will help speed your PC
o Buses: Buses:
+ Bus PCI
+ Bus ISA
+ USB
+ AGP
o ROM (Read Only Memory) in which the firmware is put
o CPU (Central Processing Unit) as the main part of the brain and the computer
* Power supply – a box which houses the transformer, voltage and fan control
* Storage controller, the type of IDE, SCSI or something else, which controls the hard disk, floppy disk, CD-ROM and other drives; controller is located on the main board (on-board) or the additional card
* display Video performance controller that produces output for computer displays
* Controller computer bus (parallel, serial, USB, Firewire) to connect the computer with other external devices such as additional printers or scanners
* Several types of computer storage:
o CD – the most common type of removable media, cheap but easily broken.
+ CD-ROM
+ CD-RW
+ CD-R
o DVD
+ DVD-ROM
+ DVD-RW
+ DVD-R
o Floppy disk
* Storage in – store data in a computer for long-term use.
o Hard disk – untuk penyimpanan data jangka panjang Hard disk – for long-term data storage
o Disk array controller Disk array controller
* Sound card – translates signals from the system board to the language that can be understood by speakers, and has terminals for the cable striking the earphone.
* Computer network – to connect the computer to the Internet and / or other computers.
o Modem – for dial-up connections.
o Network card – for Internet DSL / cable, and / or connect to another computer.
* Tool options.

In addition, hardware can include other external components. Below is a standard component or commonly used.

* Input
o Keyboard
o Pointing device
+ Mouse
+ Trackball
o Joystick
o Gamepad
o Scanner picture
o Webcams
o Graphics Tablets
* Output
o Printer
o Speaker
o Monitor
* Network / Networking
o Modem
o network card

solutions to minimize global warming

The good news for us all: there are solutions to minimize global warming, and now we still have a chance to do so. All we need is a strong willingness to change!

Basically, we have to do is to reduce as much as possible all the activities that produce greenhouse gas emissions. There are five main things we can do to save the planet earth:

1. Stop or reduce eating meat!

In his report entitled Livestock’s Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options (released November 2006), the UN noted that 18% of global warming is happening right now was donated by the farming industry, which is greater than the effects of global warming generated by the entire world transportation combined! The UN also added that the emissions are calculated only on the basis of the resulting CO2 emissions, but other than CO2 as a great contributor, farming industry is also one of the major sources of pollution of soil and water sources clean.

A report from Earth Institute affirms that plant-based diet requires only 25% of the energy needed by the meat-based diet. Research carried out Professor Gidon Eshel and Pamela Martin from the University of Chicago also gave the same conclusion: changing patterns of eating a vegetarian diet with 50% more effective in preventing global warming instead of replacing an SUV with a hybrid car. A vegetarian with a standard American diet will save 1.5 tonnes of greenhouse emissions every year! A vegetarian driving a Hummer SUV is more environmentally friendly than a meat eater riding a bicycle!

2. Limit emissions of carbon dioxide!

If possible, look for sources of alternative energy sources that do not produce CO2 emissions such as solar energy, water, wind, nuclear, and others. When forced to use fossil fuels (which will result in CO2 emissions), use it wisely and efficiently. Matikanlah peralatan listrik ketika tidak digunakan, gunakanlah lampu hemat energi, dan gunakanlah panel surya sebagai energi alternatif. This includes electricity and energy saving, especially Indonesia, including many countries that use fossil fuels (oil, coal) for generating electricity. Turn off electrical appliances when not in use, use energy efficient lighting, and use solar panels as alternative energy.

3. Plant more trees!

Green plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in the network. But after death they will release CO2 into the air again. Environment with lots of CO2 plants will bind well, and should be maintained by future generations. If not, then the carbon already stored in the plant will re-released into the air as CO2.

Researchers from Louisiana Tech University found that each acre of green trees can capture enough carbon to offset emissions resulting from driving a car for a year. A study conducted by the forestry service in the United States also showed that planting 95,000 trees in two dlakukan small town in Chicago provides cleaner air and save costs associated with heating and cooling air for more than U.S. $ 38 million in 30 years to front. Read more…